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                    Recover捕获异常
            
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                    方法
            
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                    方法声明
            
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                    基于指针对象的方法
            
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                    通过嵌入结构体来扩展类型
            
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                    方法值和方法表达式
            
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                    示例: Bit数组
            
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                    封装
            
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                    接口
            
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                    接口是合约
            
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                    接口类型
            
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                    实现接口的条件
            
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                    flag.Value接口
            
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                    接口值
            
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                    sort.Interface接口
            
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                    http.Handler接口
            
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                    error接口
            
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                    示例: 表达式求值
            
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                    类型断言
            
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                    基于类型断言识别错误类型
            
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                    通过类型断言查询接口
            
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                    类型分支
            
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                    示例: 基于标记的XML解码
            
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                    补充几点
            
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                    Goroutines和Channels
            
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                    Goroutines
            
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                    示例: 并发的Clock服务
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.3" data-path="../ch8/ch8-03.html">
            
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                    示例: 并发的Echo服务
            
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                    Channels
            
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                    并发的循环
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.6" data-path="../ch8/ch8-06.html">
            
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                    示例: 并发的Web爬虫
            
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                    基于select的多路复用
            
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                    示例: 并发的目录遍历
            
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                    并发的退出
            
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                    示例: 聊天服务
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10" data-path="../ch9/ch9.html">
            
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                    基于共享变量的并发
            
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                    竞争条件
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.2" data-path="../ch9/ch9-02.html">
            
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                    sync.Mutex互斥锁
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.3" data-path="../ch9/ch9-03.html">
            
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                    sync.RWMutex读写锁
            
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                    内存同步
            
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                    sync.Once惰性初始化
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.6" data-path="../ch9/ch9-06.html">
            
                <a href="../ch9/ch9-06.html">
            
                    
                    竞争条件检测
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.7" data-path="../ch9/ch9-07.html">
            
                <a href="../ch9/ch9-07.html">
            
                    
                    示例: 并发的非阻塞缓存
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.8" data-path="../ch9/ch9-08.html">
            
                <a href="../ch9/ch9-08.html">
            
                    
                    Goroutines和线程
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11" data-path="../ch10/ch10.html">
            
                <a href="../ch10/ch10.html">
            
                    
                    包和工具
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11.1" data-path="../ch10/ch10-01.html">
            
                <a href="../ch10/ch10-01.html">
            
                    
                    包简介
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11.2" data-path="../ch10/ch10-02.html">
            
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                    导入路径
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11.3" data-path="../ch10/ch10-03.html">
            
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                    包声明
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11.4" data-path="../ch10/ch10-04.html">
            
                <a href="../ch10/ch10-04.html">
            
                    
                    导入声明
            
                </a>
            

            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11.5" data-path="../ch10/ch10-05.html">
            
                <a href="../ch10/ch10-05.html">
            
                    
                    包的匿名导入
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11.6" data-path="../ch10/ch10-06.html">
            
                <a href="../ch10/ch10-06.html">
            
                    
                    包和命名
            
                </a>
            

            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11.7" data-path="../ch10/ch10-07.html">
            
                <a href="../ch10/ch10-07.html">
            
                    
                    工具
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12" data-path="../ch11/ch11.html">
            
                <a href="../ch11/ch11.html">
            
                    
                    测试
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12.1" data-path="../ch11/ch11-01.html">
            
                <a href="../ch11/ch11-01.html">
            
                    
                    go test
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12.2" data-path="../ch11/ch11-02.html">
            
                <a href="../ch11/ch11-02.html">
            
                    
                    测试函数
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12.3" data-path="../ch11/ch11-03.html">
            
                <a href="../ch11/ch11-03.html">
            
                    
                    测试覆盖率
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12.4" data-path="../ch11/ch11-04.html">
            
                <a href="../ch11/ch11-04.html">
            
                    
                    基准测试
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12.5" data-path="../ch11/ch11-05.html">
            
                <a href="../ch11/ch11-05.html">
            
                    
                    剖析
            
                </a>
            

            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12.6" data-path="../ch11/ch11-06.html">
            
                <a href="../ch11/ch11-06.html">
            
                    
                    示例函数
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13" data-path="../ch12/ch12.html">
            
                <a href="../ch12/ch12.html">
            
                    
                    反射
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13.1" data-path="../ch12/ch12-01.html">
            
                <a href="../ch12/ch12-01.html">
            
                    
                    为何需要反射?
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13.2" data-path="../ch12/ch12-02.html">
            
                <a href="../ch12/ch12-02.html">
            
                    
                    reflect.Type和reflect.Value
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13.3" data-path="../ch12/ch12-03.html">
            
                <a href="../ch12/ch12-03.html">
            
                    
                    Display递归打印
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13.4" data-path="../ch12/ch12-04.html">
            
                <a href="../ch12/ch12-04.html">
            
                    
                    示例: 编码S表达式
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13.5" data-path="../ch12/ch12-05.html">
            
                <a href="../ch12/ch12-05.html">
            
                    
                    通过reflect.Value修改值
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13.6" data-path="../ch12/ch12-06.html">
            
                <a href="../ch12/ch12-06.html">
            
                    
                    示例: 解码S表达式
            
                </a>
            

            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13.7" data-path="../ch12/ch12-07.html">
            
                <a href="../ch12/ch12-07.html">
            
                    
                    获取结构体字段标签
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13.8" data-path="../ch12/ch12-08.html">
            
                <a href="../ch12/ch12-08.html">
            
                    
                    显示一个类型的方法集
            
                </a>
            

            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13.9" data-path="../ch12/ch12-09.html">
            
                <a href="../ch12/ch12-09.html">
            
                    
                    几点忠告
            
                </a>
            

            
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            </ul>
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.14" data-path="ch13.html">
            
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                    底层编程
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.14.1" data-path="ch13-01.html">
            
                <a href="ch13-01.html">
            
                    
                    unsafe.Sizeof, Alignof 和 Offsetof
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.14.2" data-path="ch13-02.html">
            
                <a href="ch13-02.html">
            
                    
                    unsafe.Pointer
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter active" data-level="1.14.3" data-path="ch13-03.html">
            
                <a href="ch13-03.html">
            
                    
                    示例: 深度相等判断
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.14.4" data-path="ch13-04.html">
            
                <a href="ch13-04.html">
            
                    
                    通过cgo调用C代码
            
                </a>
            

            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.14.5" data-path="ch13-05.html">
            
                <a href="ch13-05.html">
            
                    
                    几点忠告
            
                </a>
            

            
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            </ul>
            
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                    附录
            
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                    附录A：原文勘误
            
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                    附录C：译文授权
            
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                                <h2 id="133-&#x793A;&#x4F8B;-&#x6DF1;&#x5EA6;&#x76F8;&#x7B49;&#x5224;&#x65AD;">13.3. &#x793A;&#x4F8B;: &#x6DF1;&#x5EA6;&#x76F8;&#x7B49;&#x5224;&#x65AD;</h2>
<p>&#x6765;&#x81EA;reflect&#x5305;&#x7684;DeepEqual&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5BF9;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x503C;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6DF1;&#x5EA6;&#x76F8;&#x7B49;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x3002;DeepEqual&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5185;&#x5EFA;&#x7684;==&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7B26;&#x5BF9;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x76F8;&#x7B49;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x590D;&#x5408;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x5219;&#x9012;&#x5F52;&#x8BE5;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x505A;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x5B83;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x5728;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x7684;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x751A;&#x81F3;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x4E0D;&#x652F;&#x6301;==&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;&#x7684;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#x5E7F;&#x6CDB;&#x5730;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8BE5;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x662F;&#x7528;DeepEqual&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;slice&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x76F8;&#x7B49;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-Go"><span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> TestSplit(t *testing.T) {
    got := strings.Split(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;a:b:c&quot;</span>, <span class="hljs-string">&quot;:&quot;</span>)
    want := []<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{<span class="hljs-string">&quot;a&quot;</span>, <span class="hljs-string">&quot;b&quot;</span>, <span class="hljs-string">&quot;c&quot;</span>};
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) { <span class="hljs-comment">/* ... */</span> }
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5C3D;&#x7BA1;DeepEqual&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5F88;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E14;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5B83;&#x4E5F;&#x6709;&#x4E0D;&#x8DB3;&#x4E4B;&#x5904;&#x3002;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x5C06;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;nil&#x503C;&#x7684;map&#x548C;&#x975E;nil&#x503C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x7A7A;&#x7684;map&#x89C6;&#x4F5C;&#x4E0D;&#x76F8;&#x7B49;&#xFF0C;&#x540C;&#x6837;nil&#x503C;&#x7684;slice &#x548C;&#x975E;nil&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x7A7A;&#x7684;slice&#x4E5F;&#x89C6;&#x4F5C;&#x4E0D;&#x76F8;&#x7B49;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-Go"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> a, b []<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span> = <span class="hljs-literal">nil</span>, []<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{}
fmt.Println(reflect.DeepEqual(a, b)) <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;false&quot;</span>

<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> c, d <span class="hljs-keyword">map</span>[<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> = <span class="hljs-literal">nil</span>, <span class="hljs-built_in">make</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">map</span>[<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span>)
fmt.Println(reflect.DeepEqual(c, d)) <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;false&quot;</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5E0C;&#x671B;&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684;Equal&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x3002;&#x548C;DeepEqual&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x65B9;&#x662F;&#x5B83;&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;slice&#x548C;map&#x7684;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x9012;&#x5F52;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x4E4B;&#x5904;&#x662F;&#x5B83;&#x5C06;nil&#x503C;&#x7684;slice&#xFF08;map&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#xFF09;&#x548C;&#x975E;nil&#x503C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x7A7A;&#x7684;slice&#x89C6;&#x4F5C;&#x76F8;&#x7B49;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x3002;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;reflect&#x5305;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#xFF0C;&#x548C;12.3&#x7AE0;&#x7684;Display&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x3002;&#x540C;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E5F;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x51FD;&#x6570;equal&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x7684;&#x9012;&#x5F52;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x3002;&#x8BFB;&#x8005;&#x76EE;&#x524D;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;&#x5173;&#x5FC3;seen&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x542B;&#x4E49;&#x3002;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x6BCF;&#x4E00;&#x5BF9;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x7684;x&#x548C;y&#xFF0C;equal&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x9996;&#x5148;&#x68C0;&#x6D4B;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x90FD;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#xFF08;&#x6216;&#x90FD;&#x65E0;&#x6548;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x68C0;&#x6D4B;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x662F;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x5269;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5DE8;&#x5927;&#x7684;switch&#x5206;&#x652F;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x9875;&#x9762;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7701;&#x7565;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x76F8;&#x4F3C;&#x7684;&#x5206;&#x652F;&#x3002;</p>
<p><u><i>gopl.io/ch13/equal</i></u></p>
<pre><code class="lang-Go"><span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> equal(x, y reflect.Value, seen <span class="hljs-keyword">map</span>[comparison]<span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> !x.IsValid() || !y.IsValid() {
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> x.IsValid() == y.IsValid()
    }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> x.Type() != y.Type() {
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>
    }

    <span class="hljs-comment">// ...cycle check omitted (shown later)...</span>

    <span class="hljs-keyword">switch</span> x.Kind() {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">case</span> reflect.Bool:
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> x.Bool() == y.Bool()
    <span class="hljs-keyword">case</span> reflect.String:
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> x.String() == y.String()

    <span class="hljs-comment">// ...numeric cases omitted for brevity...</span>

    <span class="hljs-keyword">case</span> reflect.Chan, reflect.UnsafePointer, reflect.Func:
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> x.Pointer() == y.Pointer()
    <span class="hljs-keyword">case</span> reflect.Ptr, reflect.Interface:
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> equal(x.Elem(), y.Elem(), seen)
    <span class="hljs-keyword">case</span> reflect.Array, reflect.Slice:
        <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> x.Len() != y.Len() {
            <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>
        }
        <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> i := <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; i &lt; x.Len(); i++ {
            <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> !equal(x.Index(i), y.Index(i), seen) {
                <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>
            }
        }
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>

    <span class="hljs-comment">// ...struct and map cases omitted for brevity...</span>
    }
    <span class="hljs-built_in">panic</span>(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;unreachable&quot;</span>)
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x548C;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x5EFA;&#x8BAE;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x516C;&#x5F00;reflect&#x5305;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x63A5;&#x53E3;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5BFC;&#x51FA;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5728;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x5C06;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x8F6C;&#x4E3A;reflect.Value&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-Go"><span class="hljs-comment">// Equal reports whether x and y are deeply equal.</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> Equal(x, y <span class="hljs-keyword">interface</span>{}) <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> {
    seen := <span class="hljs-built_in">make</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">map</span>[comparison]<span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span>)
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> equal(reflect.ValueOf(x), reflect.ValueOf(y), seen)
}

<span class="hljs-keyword">type</span> comparison <span class="hljs-keyword">struct</span> {
    x, y unsafe.Pointer
    treflect.Type
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x6709;&#x73AF;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x4E5F;&#x80FD;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x9000;&#x51FA;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x907F;&#x514D;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;&#x7B2C;&#x4E8C;&#x6B21;&#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x3002;Equal&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x7EC4;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x4F53;&#xFF0C;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x6BCF;&#x5BF9;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF08;unsafe.Pointer&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#xFF09;&#x548C;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x8981;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x4E9B;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x3002;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;x&#x548C;y&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x6570;&#x7EC4;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;x&#x548C;x[0]&#x5C06;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF0C;y&#x548C;y[0]&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x533A;&#x5206;x&#x4E0E;y&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x6216;x[0]&#x4E0E;y[0]&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8FC7;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-Go"><span class="hljs-comment">// cycle check</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> x.CanAddr() &amp;&amp; y.CanAddr() {
    xptr := unsafe.Pointer(x.UnsafeAddr())
    yptr := unsafe.Pointer(y.UnsafeAddr())
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> xptr == yptr {
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">true</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// identical references</span>
    }
    c := comparison{xptr, yptr, x.Type()}
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> seen[c] {
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">true</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// already seen</span>
    }
    seen[c] = <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x662F;Equal&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7528;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;:</p>
<pre><code class="lang-Go">fmt.Println(Equal([]<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span>{<span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">2</span>, <span class="hljs-number">3</span>}, []<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span>{<span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">2</span>, <span class="hljs-number">3</span>}))        <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;true&quot;</span>
fmt.Println(Equal([]<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{<span class="hljs-string">&quot;foo&quot;</span>}, []<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{<span class="hljs-string">&quot;bar&quot;</span>}))      <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;false&quot;</span>
fmt.Println(Equal([]<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>(<span class="hljs-literal">nil</span>), []<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>{}))             <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;true&quot;</span>
fmt.Println(Equal(<span class="hljs-keyword">map</span>[<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span>(<span class="hljs-literal">nil</span>), <span class="hljs-keyword">map</span>[<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span>{})) <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;true&quot;</span>
</code></pre>
<p>Equal&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x751A;&#x81F3;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;12.3&#x7AE0;&#x4E2D;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;Display&#x9677;&#x5165;&#x6B7B;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x7684;&#x5E26;&#x6709;&#x73AF;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-Go"><span class="hljs-comment">// Circular linked lists a -&gt; b -&gt; a and c -&gt; c.</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">type</span> link <span class="hljs-keyword">struct</span> {
    value <span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>
    tail *link
}
a, b, c := &amp;link{value: <span class="hljs-string">&quot;a&quot;</span>}, &amp;link{value: <span class="hljs-string">&quot;b&quot;</span>}, &amp;link{value: <span class="hljs-string">&quot;c&quot;</span>}
a.tail, b.tail, c.tail = b, a, c
fmt.Println(Equal(a, a)) <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;true&quot;</span>
fmt.Println(Equal(b, b)) <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;true&quot;</span>
fmt.Println(Equal(c, c)) <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;true&quot;</span>
fmt.Println(Equal(a, b)) <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;false&quot;</span>
fmt.Println(Equal(a, c)) <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;false&quot;</span>
</code></pre>
<p><strong>&#x7EC3;&#x4E60; 13.1&#xFF1A;</strong> &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6DF1;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x5341;&#x4EBF;&#x4EE5;&#x5185;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x5B57;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#xFF0C;&#x5FFD;&#x7565;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x5DEE;&#x5F02;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x7EC3;&#x4E60; 13.2&#xFF1A;</strong> &#x7F16;&#x5199;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x62A5;&#x544A;&#x5176;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x4E3A;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x3002;</p>

                                
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